01 Developmental Neuroscience

Neural Circuit Assembly & Competition

During nervous system development, neurons are produced in excess and must compete for limited amounts of target-derived neurotrophic factors like NGF to survive. This competition sculpts the final architecture of neural circuits.

We study the balance between RTK-mediated protective ("reward") signaling and TNFR-mediated punishment ("death") signaling that determines which neurons survive and which are eliminated. This work has revealed a molecular tug-of-war at the axon terminal that governs life-and-death decisions.

Key Discovery

Identified Coronin-1 as a critical regulator of retrograde NGF survival signaling, demonstrating that endosomal trafficking is essential for translating local axon signals into cell body survival responses.

Key Publications

  • 2014 Suo D et al. — Coronin-1 is a neurotrophin endosomal effector required for developmental competition for survival. Nature Neuroscience
  • 2014 Wheeler M et al. — TNFα/TNFR1 signaling is required for the development and function of primary nociceptors. Neuron
  • 2008 Deppmann CD et al. — A model for neuronal competition during development. Science
🧠
Neural Competition
NGF TrkA / p75NTR Coronin-1
Browse 16 Papers ↓

Related Publications

  • 2025
    A single-cell mass cytometry-based atlas of the developing mouse brain
    Nature Neuroscience
    DOI ↗
  • 2025
    Extrinsic apoptosis and necroptosis in telencephalic development: a single-cell mass cytometry study
    Cell Death & Differentiation
  • 2025
    BDNF receptor balance gates AgRP-to-PVH fiber density and stimulation evoked feeding across caloric states
    bioRxiv
  • 2024
    A brain reward circuit inhibited by next-generation weight loss drugs
    bioRxiv (preprint)
    DOI ↗
  • 2023
    Sympathetic neurons secrete retrogradely transported TrkA on extracellular vesicles
    Scientific Reports
    DOI ↗
  • 2023
    Leptin receptor neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus input to the circadian feeding network
    Science Advances
    DOI ↗
  • 2023
    The good, the bald, and the hairy: a mechanosensor meets its fate at the target
    Developmental Cell (Preview)
    DOI ↗
  • 2020
    Molecular dissection of TNFR-TNFα bidirectional signaling reveals cooperative and antagonistic interactions with p75 in axon patterning
    Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience
  • 2020
    Dopamine signaling in the suprachiasmatic nucleus enables weight gain associated with hedonic feeding
    Current Biology
  • 2017
    Delineating neurotrophin-3 dependent signaling pathways underlying sympathetic axon growth along intermediate targets
    Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience
  • 2017
    Differential sympathetic outflow to adipose depots is required for visceral fat loss in response to calorie restriction
    Nutrition & Diabetes
  • 2016
    Genetically targeted magnetic control of the nervous system
    Nature Neuroscience
  • 2015
    Coronin-1 and calcium signaling governs sympathetic final target innervation
    Journal of Neuroscience
  • 2014
    Coronin-1 is a neurotrophin endosomal effector that is required for developmental competition for survival
    Nature Neuroscience
  • 2010
    Long distance control of synapse assembly by target-derived NGF
    Neuron
  • 2008
    A model for neuronal competition during development
    Science
02 Cell Biology

Long-Distance Endosome & EV Signaling

Neurons can extend axons over remarkably long distances — sometimes exceeding a meter in length. How do survival signals generated at the axon terminal travel back to the cell body to influence gene expression?

Our lab studies signaling endosomes, membrane-bound compartments that carry activated receptors retrogradely along axons, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) that serve as intercellular messengers between neurons and glia.

Key Discovery

Discovered that sympathetic neurons secrete retrogradely transported TrkA on extracellular vesicles, revealing a new mechanism for intercellular neurotrophic communication.

Key Publications

  • 2023 Mason AJ et al. — Sympathetic neurons secrete retrogradely transported TrkA on extracellular vesicles. Scientific Reports
  • 2018 Barford K et al. — Transcytosis of TrkA leads to diversification of dendritic signaling endosomes. Scientific Reports
  • 2015 Suo D et al. — Coronin-1 and calcium signaling governs sympathetic final target innervation. Journal of Neuroscience
💫
Retrograde Signaling
Endosomes EVs Schwann Cells
Browse 17 Papers ↓

Related Publications

  • 2026
    Compartment-specific transcriptome of motor neurons reveals impaired extracellular matrix signaling and activated cell cycle kinases in FUS-ALS
    Neurobiology of Disease
  • 2025
    Characterizing microglial signaling dynamics during inflammation using single-cell mass cytometry
    Glia
    DOI ↗
  • 2025
    BDNF receptor balance gates AgRP-to-PVH fiber density and stimulation evoked feeding across caloric states
    bioRxiv
  • 2024
    Stress-induced mucin 13 reductions drive intestinal microbiome shifts and despair behaviors
    Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
    DOI ↗
  • 2023
    Sympathetic neurons secrete retrogradely transported TrkA on extracellular vesicles
    Scientific Reports
    DOI ↗
  • 2023
    Role of the caspase-8/RIPK3 axis in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and amyloid-beta-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation
    JCI Insight
    DOI ↗
  • 2020
    The p75 neurotrophin receptor in AgRP neurons is necessary for homeostatic feeding and food anticipation
    eLife
  • 2020
    Molecular dissection of TNFR-TNFα bidirectional signaling reveals cooperative and antagonistic interactions with p75 in axon patterning
    Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience
  • 2019
    p75NTR and DR6 regulate distinct phases of axon degeneration demarcated by spheroid rupture
    Journal of Neuroscience
  • 2018
    Transcytosis of TrkA leads to diversification of dendritic signaling endosomes
    Scientific Reports
  • 2018
    Temporally restricted death and the role of p75NTR as a survival receptor in the developing sensory nervous system
    Developmental Neurobiology
  • 2017
    Delineating neurotrophin-3 dependent signaling pathways underlying sympathetic axon growth along intermediate targets
    Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience
  • 2017
    TNFα/TNFR2 signaling is required for glial ensheathment at the dorsal root entry zone
    PLOS Genetics
  • 2015
    Coronin-1 and calcium signaling governs sympathetic final target innervation
    Journal of Neuroscience
  • 2014
    TNFα/TNFR1 signaling is required for the development and function of primary nociceptors
    Neuron
  • 2014
    Coronin-1 is a neurotrophin endosomal effector that is required for developmental competition for survival
    Nature Neuroscience
  • 2010
    Long distance control of synapse assembly by target-derived NGF
    Neuron
03 Neurodegeneration

Axon Degeneration & Neurodegeneration

The same molecular machinery that prunes axons during normal development is reactivated in neurodegenerative disease. Understanding developmental pruning may hold the key to preventing pathological degeneration.

We investigate the roles of SARM1, extrinsic apoptosis pathways, and caspase-6 in axon self-destruction. Our work connects developmental pruning mechanisms to the axon loss seen in ALS, Alzheimer's, and peripheral neuropathies.

Key Discovery

Revealed that extrinsic apoptosis and caspase-6 operate as an independent axon degeneration pathway, distinct from the classical SARM1 / Wallerian degeneration mechanism.

Key Publications

  • 2025 Shi J et al. — Extrinsic apoptosis and necroptosis in telencephalic development. Cell Death & Differentiation
  • 2019 Yong Y, Gamage K et al. — p75NTR and DR6 regulate distinct phases of axon degeneration. Journal of Neuroscience
  • 2017 Gamage KK et al. — Death receptor 6 promotes Wallerian degeneration in peripheral axons. Current Biology
🔬
Axon Self-Destruction
SARM1 Caspase-6 Apoptosis
Browse 12 Papers ↓

Related Publications

  • 2026
    Compartment-specific transcriptome of motor neurons reveals impaired extracellular matrix signaling and activated cell cycle kinases in FUS-ALS
    Neurobiology of Disease
  • 2025
    Characterizing microglial signaling dynamics during inflammation using single-cell mass cytometry
    Glia
    DOI ↗
  • 2025
    Extrinsic apoptosis and necroptosis in telencephalic development: a single-cell mass cytometry study
    Cell Death & Differentiation
  • 2025
    Axonal spheroids are regulated by Schwann cells after peripheral nerve injury
    Glial Health Research
    DOI ↗
  • 2024
    Sarm1-dependent metabolic reprogramming of Schwann cells following nerve injury
    bioRxiv (preprint)
    DOI ↗
  • 2023
    Role of the caspase-8/RIPK3 axis in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and amyloid-beta-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation
    JCI Insight
    DOI ↗
  • 2021
    Global and regional damages in retinal ganglion cell axon bundles monitored non-invasively by visible-light OCT fibergraphy
    Journal of Neuroscience
  • 2020
    Regulation of degenerative spheroids after injury
    Scientific Reports
  • 2020
    CRMP4 facilitates Wallerian degeneration and axon regeneration following sciatic nerve injury
    eNeuro
  • 2019
    p75NTR and DR6 regulate distinct phases of axon degeneration demarcated by spheroid rupture
    Journal of Neuroscience
  • 2018
    Temporally restricted death and the role of p75NTR as a survival receptor in the developing sensory nervous system
    Developmental Neurobiology
  • 2017
    Death receptor 6 promotes Wallerian degeneration in peripheral axons
    Current Biology
04 Metabolism

Adaptive Metabolism & Weight-Loss Drug Mechanisms

Our most exciting and newest research direction explores how the brain regulates feeding behavior and energy expenditure — and how next-generation therapeutics reshape these circuits.

In collaboration with Ali Güler's lab, we investigate how the brain regulates feeding and energy balance. We study neurotrophic factor signaling in hypothalamic circuits, p75NTR's role in feeding behavior, and how caloric restriction reshapes sympathetic outflow to adipose tissue.

We also investigate how neurons undergo metabolic reprogramming after development is complete, adapting their energy usage for the demands of adult function.

Key Discovery

Demonstrated that the p75 neurotrophin receptor in AgRP neurons is necessary for homeostatic feeding and food anticipation, revealing a new role for neurotrophic signaling in metabolism.

Key Publications

  • 2024 Godschall et al. — A brain reward circuit inhibited by next-generation weight loss drugs. bioRxiv (preprint)
  • 2020 Podyma B et al. — The p75 neurotrophin receptor in AgRP neurons is necessary for homeostatic feeding. eLife
Brain & Metabolism
GLP-1 / GIP Reward Circuits p75NTR
Browse 6 Papers ↓

Related Publications

  • 2025
    BDNF receptor balance gates AgRP-to-PVH fiber density and stimulation evoked feeding across caloric states
    bioRxiv
  • 2024
    A brain reward circuit inhibited by next-generation weight loss drugs
    bioRxiv (preprint)
    DOI ↗
  • 2023
    Leptin receptor neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus input to the circadian feeding network
    Science Advances
    DOI ↗
  • 2020
    The p75 neurotrophin receptor in AgRP neurons is necessary for homeostatic feeding and food anticipation
    eLife
  • 2020
    Dopamine signaling in the suprachiasmatic nucleus enables weight gain associated with hedonic feeding
    Current Biology
  • 2017
    Differential sympathetic outflow to adipose depots is required for visceral fat loss in response to calorie restriction
    Nutrition & Diabetes
05 Sensory Biology

Sensory Neuroscience & Pain

Developmental signaling does not end once the nervous system is built — it continues to shape how we perceive touch and pain throughout life.

We investigate how TNFR superfamily signaling modulates the functional properties of nociceptors (pain-sensing neurons). This work bridges developmental neuroscience with clinical pain research, revealing how early molecular decisions influence adult sensory perception.

Key Discovery

Demonstrated that TNF receptor signaling during development permanently alters nociceptor properties, providing a developmental origin for differences in pain sensitivity.

Key Publications

  • 2022 Keeler AB et al. — A developmental atlas of somatosensory diversification and maturation in the DRG. Nature Neuroscience
  • 2018 Cheng I et al. — Temporally restricted death and the role of p75NTR as a survival receptor. Developmental Neurobiology
  • 2014 Wheeler M et al. — TNFα/TNFR1 signaling is required for the development and function of primary nociceptors. Neuron
🧬
Touch & Pain
Nociceptors TNFR Sensory DRG
Browse 10 Papers ↓

Related Publications

  • 2025
    Axonal spheroids are regulated by Schwann cells after peripheral nerve injury
    Glial Health Research
    DOI ↗
  • 2024
    Sarm1-dependent metabolic reprogramming of Schwann cells following nerve injury
    bioRxiv (preprint)
    DOI ↗
  • 2023
    The good, the bald, and the hairy: a mechanosensor meets its fate at the target
    Developmental Cell (Preview)
    DOI ↗
  • 2023
    Sexual dimorphism in the dorsal root ganglia of neonatal mice identified by protein expression profiling with single-cell mass cytometry
    Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience
    DOI ↗
  • 2022
    A developmental atlas of somatosensory diversification and maturation in the dorsal root ganglia by single-cell mass cytometry
    Nature Neuroscience
    DOI ↗
  • 2020
    CRMP4 facilitates Wallerian degeneration and axon regeneration following sciatic nerve injury
    eNeuro
  • 2018
    Temporally restricted death and the role of p75NTR as a survival receptor in the developing sensory nervous system
    Developmental Neurobiology
  • 2017
    TNFα/TNFR2 signaling is required for glial ensheathment at the dorsal root entry zone
    PLOS Genetics
  • 2017
    Death receptor 6 promotes Wallerian degeneration in peripheral axons
    Current Biology
  • 2014
    TNFα/TNFR1 signaling is required for the development and function of primary nociceptors
    Neuron
06 Methods & Tools

Technology Development

Answering fundamental questions often requires building new tools. Our lab develops cutting-edge technologies that enable experiments previously thought impossible.

We pioneered magnetogenetics, a technique that uses magnetic fields to activate TRPV4 channels and remotely control neuronal activity without implants or tethered hardware.

We also developed mass cytometry (CyTOF) approaches for single-cell protein profiling in the brain, enabling high-dimensional characterization of neural and glial cell types at unprecedented depth.

Key Discovery

Developed a comprehensive developing mouse brain atlas using CyTOF and single-cell approaches, providing a foundational resource for the neuroscience community.

Key Publications

  • 2025 Van Deusen AL et al. — A single-cell mass cytometry-based atlas of the developing mouse brain. Nature Neuroscience
  • 2025 Kumar S et al. — Characterizing microglial signaling dynamics during inflammation using single-cell mass cytometry. Glia
  • 2016 Wheeler MA et al. — Genetically targeted magnetic control of the nervous system. Nature Neuroscience
🔧
Novel Tools
Magnetogenetics CyTOF Brain Atlas
Browse 8 Papers ↓

Related Publications

  • 2026
    Compartment-specific transcriptome of motor neurons reveals impaired extracellular matrix signaling and activated cell cycle kinases in FUS-ALS
    Neurobiology of Disease
  • 2025
    A single-cell mass cytometry-based atlas of the developing mouse brain
    Nature Neuroscience
    DOI ↗
  • 2025
    Characterizing microglial signaling dynamics during inflammation using single-cell mass cytometry
    Glia
    DOI ↗
  • 2025
    Extrinsic apoptosis and necroptosis in telencephalic development: a single-cell mass cytometry study
    Cell Death & Differentiation
  • 2023
    Sexual dimorphism in the dorsal root ganglia of neonatal mice identified by protein expression profiling with single-cell mass cytometry
    Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience
    DOI ↗
  • 2022
    A developmental atlas of somatosensory diversification and maturation in the dorsal root ganglia by single-cell mass cytometry
    Nature Neuroscience
    DOI ↗
  • 2021
    Global and regional damages in retinal ganglion cell axon bundles monitored non-invasively by visible-light OCT fibergraphy
    Journal of Neuroscience
  • 2016
    Genetically targeted magnetic control of the nervous system
    Nature Neuroscience

Interested in Our Research?

We welcome curious scientists at all levels who want to tackle fundamental questions in neuroscience, cell biology, and metabolism.