Deppmann Lab
Our Research
Investigating the molecular mechanisms of neural development, degeneration, and metabolism — from how circuits are wired during development to how next-generation drugs reshape brain function.
Neural Circuit Assembly & Competition
During nervous system development, neurons are produced in excess and must compete for limited amounts of target-derived neurotrophic factors like NGF to survive. This competition sculpts the final architecture of neural circuits.
We study the balance between RTK-mediated protective ("reward") signaling and TNFR-mediated punishment ("death") signaling that determines which neurons survive and which are eliminated. This work has revealed a molecular tug-of-war at the axon terminal that governs life-and-death decisions.
Identified Coronin-1 as a critical regulator of retrograde NGF survival signaling, demonstrating that endosomal trafficking is essential for translating local axon signals into cell body survival responses.
Key Publications
- 2014 Suo D et al. — Coronin-1 is a neurotrophin endosomal effector required for developmental competition for survival. Nature Neuroscience
- 2014 Wheeler M et al. — TNFα/TNFR1 signaling is required for the development and function of primary nociceptors. Neuron
- 2008 Deppmann CD et al. — A model for neuronal competition during development. Science
Related Publications
- 2025 A single-cell mass cytometry-based atlas of the developing mouse brainNature NeuroscienceDOI ↗
- 2025 Extrinsic apoptosis and necroptosis in telencephalic development: a single-cell mass cytometry studyCell Death & Differentiation
- 2025 BDNF receptor balance gates AgRP-to-PVH fiber density and stimulation evoked feeding across caloric statesbioRxiv
- 2024 A brain reward circuit inhibited by next-generation weight loss drugsbioRxiv (preprint)DOI ↗
- 2023 Sympathetic neurons secrete retrogradely transported TrkA on extracellular vesiclesScientific ReportsDOI ↗
- 2023 Leptin receptor neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus input to the circadian feeding networkScience AdvancesDOI ↗
- 2023 The good, the bald, and the hairy: a mechanosensor meets its fate at the targetDevelopmental Cell (Preview)DOI ↗
- 2020 Molecular dissection of TNFR-TNFα bidirectional signaling reveals cooperative and antagonistic interactions with p75 in axon patterningMolecular and Cellular Neuroscience
- 2020 Dopamine signaling in the suprachiasmatic nucleus enables weight gain associated with hedonic feedingCurrent Biology
- 2017 Delineating neurotrophin-3 dependent signaling pathways underlying sympathetic axon growth along intermediate targetsMolecular and Cellular Neuroscience
- 2017 Differential sympathetic outflow to adipose depots is required for visceral fat loss in response to calorie restrictionNutrition & Diabetes
- 2016 Genetically targeted magnetic control of the nervous systemNature Neuroscience
- 2015 Coronin-1 and calcium signaling governs sympathetic final target innervationJournal of Neuroscience
- 2014 Coronin-1 is a neurotrophin endosomal effector that is required for developmental competition for survivalNature Neuroscience
- 2010 Long distance control of synapse assembly by target-derived NGFNeuron
- 2008 A model for neuronal competition during developmentScience
Long-Distance Endosome & EV Signaling
Neurons can extend axons over remarkably long distances — sometimes exceeding a meter in length. How do survival signals generated at the axon terminal travel back to the cell body to influence gene expression?
Our lab studies signaling endosomes, membrane-bound compartments that carry activated receptors retrogradely along axons, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) that serve as intercellular messengers between neurons and glia.
Discovered that sympathetic neurons secrete retrogradely transported TrkA on extracellular vesicles, revealing a new mechanism for intercellular neurotrophic communication.
Key Publications
- 2023 Mason AJ et al. — Sympathetic neurons secrete retrogradely transported TrkA on extracellular vesicles. Scientific Reports
- 2018 Barford K et al. — Transcytosis of TrkA leads to diversification of dendritic signaling endosomes. Scientific Reports
- 2015 Suo D et al. — Coronin-1 and calcium signaling governs sympathetic final target innervation. Journal of Neuroscience
Related Publications
- 2026 Compartment-specific transcriptome of motor neurons reveals impaired extracellular matrix signaling and activated cell cycle kinases in FUS-ALSNeurobiology of Disease
- 2025 Characterizing microglial signaling dynamics during inflammation using single-cell mass cytometryGliaDOI ↗
- 2025 BDNF receptor balance gates AgRP-to-PVH fiber density and stimulation evoked feeding across caloric statesbioRxiv
- 2024 Stress-induced mucin 13 reductions drive intestinal microbiome shifts and despair behaviorsBrain, Behavior, and ImmunityDOI ↗
- 2023 Sympathetic neurons secrete retrogradely transported TrkA on extracellular vesiclesScientific ReportsDOI ↗
- 2023 Role of the caspase-8/RIPK3 axis in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and amyloid-beta-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activationJCI InsightDOI ↗
- 2020 The p75 neurotrophin receptor in AgRP neurons is necessary for homeostatic feeding and food anticipationeLife
- 2020 Molecular dissection of TNFR-TNFα bidirectional signaling reveals cooperative and antagonistic interactions with p75 in axon patterningMolecular and Cellular Neuroscience
- 2019 p75NTR and DR6 regulate distinct phases of axon degeneration demarcated by spheroid ruptureJournal of Neuroscience
- 2018 Transcytosis of TrkA leads to diversification of dendritic signaling endosomesScientific Reports
- 2018 Temporally restricted death and the role of p75NTR as a survival receptor in the developing sensory nervous systemDevelopmental Neurobiology
- 2017 Delineating neurotrophin-3 dependent signaling pathways underlying sympathetic axon growth along intermediate targetsMolecular and Cellular Neuroscience
- 2017 TNFα/TNFR2 signaling is required for glial ensheathment at the dorsal root entry zonePLOS Genetics
- 2015 Coronin-1 and calcium signaling governs sympathetic final target innervationJournal of Neuroscience
- 2014 TNFα/TNFR1 signaling is required for the development and function of primary nociceptorsNeuron
- 2014 Coronin-1 is a neurotrophin endosomal effector that is required for developmental competition for survivalNature Neuroscience
- 2010 Long distance control of synapse assembly by target-derived NGFNeuron
Axon Degeneration & Neurodegeneration
The same molecular machinery that prunes axons during normal development is reactivated in neurodegenerative disease. Understanding developmental pruning may hold the key to preventing pathological degeneration.
We investigate the roles of SARM1, extrinsic apoptosis pathways, and caspase-6 in axon self-destruction. Our work connects developmental pruning mechanisms to the axon loss seen in ALS, Alzheimer's, and peripheral neuropathies.
Revealed that extrinsic apoptosis and caspase-6 operate as an independent axon degeneration pathway, distinct from the classical SARM1 / Wallerian degeneration mechanism.
Key Publications
- 2025 Shi J et al. — Extrinsic apoptosis and necroptosis in telencephalic development. Cell Death & Differentiation
- 2019 Yong Y, Gamage K et al. — p75NTR and DR6 regulate distinct phases of axon degeneration. Journal of Neuroscience
- 2017 Gamage KK et al. — Death receptor 6 promotes Wallerian degeneration in peripheral axons. Current Biology
Related Publications
- 2026 Compartment-specific transcriptome of motor neurons reveals impaired extracellular matrix signaling and activated cell cycle kinases in FUS-ALSNeurobiology of Disease
- 2025 Characterizing microglial signaling dynamics during inflammation using single-cell mass cytometryGliaDOI ↗
- 2025 Extrinsic apoptosis and necroptosis in telencephalic development: a single-cell mass cytometry studyCell Death & Differentiation
- 2025 Axonal spheroids are regulated by Schwann cells after peripheral nerve injuryGlial Health ResearchDOI ↗
- 2024 Sarm1-dependent metabolic reprogramming of Schwann cells following nerve injurybioRxiv (preprint)DOI ↗
- 2023 Role of the caspase-8/RIPK3 axis in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and amyloid-beta-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activationJCI InsightDOI ↗
- 2021 Global and regional damages in retinal ganglion cell axon bundles monitored non-invasively by visible-light OCT fibergraphyJournal of Neuroscience
- 2020 Regulation of degenerative spheroids after injuryScientific Reports
- 2020 CRMP4 facilitates Wallerian degeneration and axon regeneration following sciatic nerve injuryeNeuro
- 2019 p75NTR and DR6 regulate distinct phases of axon degeneration demarcated by spheroid ruptureJournal of Neuroscience
- 2018 Temporally restricted death and the role of p75NTR as a survival receptor in the developing sensory nervous systemDevelopmental Neurobiology
- 2017 Death receptor 6 promotes Wallerian degeneration in peripheral axonsCurrent Biology
Adaptive Metabolism & Weight-Loss Drug Mechanisms
Our most exciting and newest research direction explores how the brain regulates feeding behavior and energy expenditure — and how next-generation therapeutics reshape these circuits.
In collaboration with Ali Güler's lab, we investigate how the brain regulates feeding and energy balance. We study neurotrophic factor signaling in hypothalamic circuits, p75NTR's role in feeding behavior, and how caloric restriction reshapes sympathetic outflow to adipose tissue.
We also investigate how neurons undergo metabolic reprogramming after development is complete, adapting their energy usage for the demands of adult function.
Demonstrated that the p75 neurotrophin receptor in AgRP neurons is necessary for homeostatic feeding and food anticipation, revealing a new role for neurotrophic signaling in metabolism.
Key Publications
- 2024 Godschall et al. — A brain reward circuit inhibited by next-generation weight loss drugs. bioRxiv (preprint)
- 2020 Podyma B et al. — The p75 neurotrophin receptor in AgRP neurons is necessary for homeostatic feeding. eLife
Related Publications
- 2025 BDNF receptor balance gates AgRP-to-PVH fiber density and stimulation evoked feeding across caloric statesbioRxiv
- 2024 A brain reward circuit inhibited by next-generation weight loss drugsbioRxiv (preprint)DOI ↗
- 2023 Leptin receptor neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus input to the circadian feeding networkScience AdvancesDOI ↗
- 2020 The p75 neurotrophin receptor in AgRP neurons is necessary for homeostatic feeding and food anticipationeLife
- 2020 Dopamine signaling in the suprachiasmatic nucleus enables weight gain associated with hedonic feedingCurrent Biology
- 2017 Differential sympathetic outflow to adipose depots is required for visceral fat loss in response to calorie restrictionNutrition & Diabetes
Sensory Neuroscience & Pain
Developmental signaling does not end once the nervous system is built — it continues to shape how we perceive touch and pain throughout life.
We investigate how TNFR superfamily signaling modulates the functional properties of nociceptors (pain-sensing neurons). This work bridges developmental neuroscience with clinical pain research, revealing how early molecular decisions influence adult sensory perception.
Demonstrated that TNF receptor signaling during development permanently alters nociceptor properties, providing a developmental origin for differences in pain sensitivity.
Key Publications
- 2022 Keeler AB et al. — A developmental atlas of somatosensory diversification and maturation in the DRG. Nature Neuroscience
- 2018 Cheng I et al. — Temporally restricted death and the role of p75NTR as a survival receptor. Developmental Neurobiology
- 2014 Wheeler M et al. — TNFα/TNFR1 signaling is required for the development and function of primary nociceptors. Neuron
Related Publications
- 2025 Axonal spheroids are regulated by Schwann cells after peripheral nerve injuryGlial Health ResearchDOI ↗
- 2024 Sarm1-dependent metabolic reprogramming of Schwann cells following nerve injurybioRxiv (preprint)DOI ↗
- 2023 The good, the bald, and the hairy: a mechanosensor meets its fate at the targetDevelopmental Cell (Preview)DOI ↗
- 2023 Sexual dimorphism in the dorsal root ganglia of neonatal mice identified by protein expression profiling with single-cell mass cytometryMolecular and Cellular NeuroscienceDOI ↗
- 2022 A developmental atlas of somatosensory diversification and maturation in the dorsal root ganglia by single-cell mass cytometryNature NeuroscienceDOI ↗
- 2020 CRMP4 facilitates Wallerian degeneration and axon regeneration following sciatic nerve injuryeNeuro
- 2018 Temporally restricted death and the role of p75NTR as a survival receptor in the developing sensory nervous systemDevelopmental Neurobiology
- 2017 TNFα/TNFR2 signaling is required for glial ensheathment at the dorsal root entry zonePLOS Genetics
- 2017 Death receptor 6 promotes Wallerian degeneration in peripheral axonsCurrent Biology
- 2014 TNFα/TNFR1 signaling is required for the development and function of primary nociceptorsNeuron
Technology Development
Answering fundamental questions often requires building new tools. Our lab develops cutting-edge technologies that enable experiments previously thought impossible.
We pioneered magnetogenetics, a technique that uses magnetic fields to activate TRPV4 channels and remotely control neuronal activity without implants or tethered hardware.
We also developed mass cytometry (CyTOF) approaches for single-cell protein profiling in the brain, enabling high-dimensional characterization of neural and glial cell types at unprecedented depth.
Developed a comprehensive developing mouse brain atlas using CyTOF and single-cell approaches, providing a foundational resource for the neuroscience community.
Key Publications
- 2025 Van Deusen AL et al. — A single-cell mass cytometry-based atlas of the developing mouse brain. Nature Neuroscience
- 2025 Kumar S et al. — Characterizing microglial signaling dynamics during inflammation using single-cell mass cytometry. Glia
- 2016 Wheeler MA et al. — Genetically targeted magnetic control of the nervous system. Nature Neuroscience
Related Publications
- 2026 Compartment-specific transcriptome of motor neurons reveals impaired extracellular matrix signaling and activated cell cycle kinases in FUS-ALSNeurobiology of Disease
- 2025 A single-cell mass cytometry-based atlas of the developing mouse brainNature NeuroscienceDOI ↗
- 2025 Characterizing microglial signaling dynamics during inflammation using single-cell mass cytometryGliaDOI ↗
- 2025 Extrinsic apoptosis and necroptosis in telencephalic development: a single-cell mass cytometry studyCell Death & Differentiation
- 2023 Sexual dimorphism in the dorsal root ganglia of neonatal mice identified by protein expression profiling with single-cell mass cytometryMolecular and Cellular NeuroscienceDOI ↗
- 2022 A developmental atlas of somatosensory diversification and maturation in the dorsal root ganglia by single-cell mass cytometryNature NeuroscienceDOI ↗
- 2021 Global and regional damages in retinal ganglion cell axon bundles monitored non-invasively by visible-light OCT fibergraphyJournal of Neuroscience
- 2016 Genetically targeted magnetic control of the nervous systemNature Neuroscience
Working Together
Key Collaborators
Our work is strengthened by collaborations across institutions and disciplines.
Interested in Our Research?
We welcome curious scientists at all levels who want to tackle fundamental questions in neuroscience, cell biology, and metabolism.